417 BC Desecration of the Herms at Athens

1099 The First Crusade arrives at Jerusalem

1416 Battle of Sant'Egidio: The Bracceschi defeat the Malatesta

1424 Battle of Malesov: Jan Ziska defeats the Ultraist Hussites

1451 Unsuccessful coup at Bologna by the Canetoli against the Bentivogli

1494 Treaty of Tordesillas: America is divided between Spain and Portugal, which gets Brazil

1498 Columbus begins his third voyage

1546 Peace of Ardres: ends Anglo-French War (1544-46), favorably for England

1586 Sir Francis Drake sacks and burns St. Augustine, Florida

1629 Peace of Lubeck: between HRE Ferdinand II & Christian IV of Denmark and Norway

1672 Battle of Solebay: Dutch Admiral Michael de Ruyter trounces the English

1775 The "United Colonies" change their name to the "United States"

1776 British defeat the Americans at Trois Rivers, Canada

1776 Richard Lee moves the adoption of a Declaration of Independence in Congress

1780 Anti-Catholic riots in London, hundreds die

1799 First Battle of Zurich, Day 4: Austrians defeat the French

1862 Skirmish at Union Church, VA

1863 Battle of Milliken's Bend: Black recruits beat off Rebel veterans

1863 French troops under Gen. Bazaine capture Mexico City

1866 Battle of Pigeon Hill, Que: Canadians defeat Fenians, who retreat to the US

1880 Chilean troops storm and capture Arica from the Peruvians

1898 Marines and Spanish troops skirmish near Guantanamo Bay

1905 Norway declares independence from Sweden, which acquiesces

1912 US Army Air Service tests an airplane-mounted machine gun

1916 Germans capture Fort Vaux, Verdun

1917 Liverpool: first American troops reach Europe

1917 Battle of Messines: Mines totaling nearly 500 tons of explosives demolish the German trenches, and the Canadian Corps storms the ridge

1929 Italo-Papal Lateran Treaty establishes the sovereign "State of the Vatican City"

1939 King George VI & Queen Elizabeth arrive at Niagara Falls, NY, by rail from Canada- the first British sovereign to visit the US

1940 British and French troops evacuate Narvik, Norway

1942 Aleutians Campaign: Japanese troops land on Attu.

1942 Battle of Midway: The USS 'Yorktown' (CV-5) goes down, after a desperate fight to save the ship

1942 The Germans capture Sebastopol

1943 Guadalcanal: Japanese air raid, lose 23 a/c vs 9 Allied.

1944 British 50th division liberates Bayeux

1944 Burma: Chinese on the Salween reach Lung-ling.

1958 Fighting breaks out between Turks and Greeks on Cyprus

1962 NASA civilian test pilot Joseph Walker takes X-15 to 31,580 m

1971 Soviet Soyuz 11 crew completes 1st transfer to orbiting Salyut

1981 Israeli airstrikes destroy Iraqi nuclear weapons facilities