1105 King Henry V of the Germans appoints Maginulfo of Peschiera [Anti-] Pope as Sylvester IV (1105-1111)

1180 Accession of Philip II Augustus as King of France (1180-1223)

1210 Pope Innocent III excommunicates Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV

1282 Pope Martin IV excommunicates King Peter III of Aragon.

1495 French-held Gaeta (besieged on Sep 8) falls to Ferrantino II of Naples

1601 Siege of Nagykanizsa: Outnumbered and under siege for 70 days, the Turks under Tiryaki Hasan Pasha stage a breakout and rout the Habsburgs under Archduke Ferdinand, inflicting great loss

1803 Battle of Vertieres: Haitians defeat the French, the decisive action of the Haitian War for Independence

1812 Battle of Krasnoi: After three days a heroic rearguard action by the French under Marshal Ney ends as the retreat before Russia's Marshal Kutusov

1861 Skirmish at Palmyra, Mo

1870 Amadeo de Savoia, the Duke of Aosta, is elected King of Spain as Amadeo I (Nov. 16, 1870-Feb 11, 1873), abdicates

1890 Second Class Battleship/Armored Cruiser 'Maine' is launched in Brooklyn; blown up, 1898

1903 Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty gives US exclusive canal rights in Panama

1905 Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway (1905-1957)

1906 Anarchists detonate a bomb in St. Peter's Square, though no one is injured in the large Sunday crowd [See 1626]

1912 Albania declares independence from Turkey

1914 Naval Battle of Cape Sarych: the Russian Black Sea Fleet defeats a Turko-German squadron

1936 Germany & Italy recognized Franco government in Spain

1941 Operation Barbarossa: A Soviet counterattack near Tula causes the German 112th Infantry Division to break.

1941 Last Italian forces in Ethiopia surrender to the British, ending 15 months of resistance

1943 Philippines: Japanese destroyer escort 'Sanae' is sunk by USS 'Bluefish' (SS-222)

1944 British aircraft carriers raid oil facilities, bases, and ports in Sumatra

1961 JFK sends 12,000 military advisors to South Vietnam